albert carr is business bluffing ethical pdf merge

Albert Carr Is Business Bluffing Ethical Merge Full Answer Previous

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What Is The Main Idea Of The Reading Is Business Bluffing Ethical 2.

What Is One Question You Have About The Reading That Is, What Is One Thing You Did Not Fully Understand Or Need Clarification About This problem has been solved See the answer.

The main idea is that business is a game which occasionally requires special tactics for business.

Albert Carr Is Business Bluffing Ethical Merge Full Answer Previous

Like bluffing in poker, those view the full answer Previous question Next question Transcribed Image Text from this Question ETHICS Is Business Bluffing Ethical by Albert Z.

Carr FROM THE JANUARY 1968 ISSUE respected businessman with whom I discussed the theme of this article remarked with some heat, You mean to say youre going to encourage men to bluff Why, bluffing is nothing more than a form of lying Youre advising them to lie I agreed that the basis of private morality is a respect for truth and that the closer a businessman comes to the truth, the more he deserves respect.

At the same time, I suggested that most bluffing in business might be regarded simply as game strategy-much like bluffing in poker, which does not reflect on the morality of the bluffer I quoted Henry Taylor, the British statesman who pointed out that falsehood ceases to be falsehood when it is understood on all sides that the truth is not expected to be spoken-an exact description of bluffing in poker, diplomacy, and business.

I cited the analogy of the criminal court, where the criminal is not expected to tell the truth when he pleads not guilty.

Everyone from the judge down takes it for granted that the job of the defendants attorney is to get his client off, not to reveal the truth; and this is considered ethical practice.

As a result, being the business leader while the CEO looks to the personal glory and brilliance, he may not bother to perform any unethical activities for his company; but if he possesses a minimum ethical standard and has well understanding with business ethics, the CEO would act with the moral standard of his own (Varner and Varner 5).

We will write a custom Research Paper on Business Ethics: Enron specifically for you for only 16.05 11page 301 certified writers online Learn More At the same time, this research paper also focuses on the ethical dilemmas of other companies like Tyco, WorldCom, Kelong, ImClone, Global Crossing, and so on; however, these companies have made disastrous financial associations, but ethical matters are not limited to commercial organizations either.

Tesfatsion 5, and Johnson 8).

Enron offered different products and services, such as online marketplace services, Broadband services, energy and commodities services (electricity, biofuel and natural gas wholesaling), capital and risk management services, project development and management services, energy transportation and upstream services; however, the CEO liked to start new services, such as, it developed and operated power plants and moved the water sector.

As a result, this company had to maintain complicated organizational structure as a highly diversified company and it was the seventh largest company in the US in 2007; in addition, Enron structured into seven distinct business units, which initially controlled by Kenneth Lay, CFO Andrew Fastow, newly hired consultant Jeff Skilling and other board members (Johnson 2).

On the other hand, Moncarz et al.

Tesfatsion (5) and Johnson (2) stated that Enron had accused for many unethical practices, such as, this company avoided federal taxes, manipulated federal energy policy, and borrowed from subsidiaries though had no interest to pay back the loans.

Furthermore, Enron collapsed in 2001 because this company manipulated electricity prices and created California energy crisis, took bribe from foreign officials to secure contracts, switched account balances with intent to increase apparent income, manipulated cash flow statement and other financial reports to demonstrate strong position of the company (Moncarz et al.

Tesfatsion 5 and Johnson 2).

Get your 100 original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Objectives for the research Many scholars of different fields have already researched on the Enron scandal and the bankruptcy of this Corporation, but the prime objective of the writer of this research paper is to focus on ethical dimensions of business, and the core ethical values to adopt as a personal ethical constitution to set principles and standards that establish acceptable conduct in business.

It will focus on a key ethical challenge in the global business environment, performance of earnings management, the impact of fraudulent financial report on global capital market, analogous panic in the corporate world for unethical practices of the executives of Enron, and discuss failure of corporate governance as well as corporate social responsibility to draw meaningful conclusions from this research.

Research Question Theoretical framework of business ethics and the importance of ethical behavior for the company and To what extent executives of Enron perpetrated corporate fraud by manipulating financial statement.

Relevant Literature Review Origins of Business Ethics Although the contemporary literature of business ethics has presented without any historical focus, Vogel (101) pointed out that the rising concern of modern business ethics has been rooted from the repeated public concern at the beginning of market economy which evidenced from the western society long past than 750 years as a conventional practice of that civilization.

The religion theology in the ancient era urged that the businessman must conduct their business without any sin; otherwise, they would get punishment from the God, although there is no indication regarding the moral standards of pursuit.

Catholic theologians emphasized the merchants for not to make unethical profit and to pay back their business loans in time, while Christ suggested his followers that the business activities must be observed from moral essence and ethical values and advised to follow him in their lifestyle inspiring to avoid inherently immoral.

At the same time, the Protestantism advised to be loyal to the employees and customers and added that the diligent employees are less likely to be convinced by the devil, businessperson, who conducts their commercial activities in an ethical way; God would bless them with enhanced wealth in the eternal life (Vogel 104).

In the cold ward era, the Marxist philosophers like Albert Hirschman and Michael Walzer raised question with the ethical standards of the corporations and argued that under the capitalist system where the business communities are eager to maximizing their profit by any means, it is not possible to conduct their business from in an ethical way.

We will write a custom Research Paper on Business Ethics: Enron specifically for you Get your first paper with 15 OFF Learn More Historically the dimensions of capitalism has aimed to maximize profit and to so the system does not bother to commence war and conquer independent countries and explore colonist attitude without looking to the humanity, how the civil society would expect ethical business practice from them (Phillips 5).

Velentzas and Broni (797) explored that Karl Marx first appealed for ethical behavior in favor workers and organized labor movement that progressed the situation of working class by demonstrating the accelerating force against capitalist exploitation.

Marx was able to realize the sought of the workers hearts and minds and urged for just wage from high moral ground with social justice by abolishing private property through social ownership, which ultimately rang the death ring of capitalism (Velentzas and Broni 797).

Gingerich (3) surprisingly raised question how the modern corporate theoreticians are advocating for bettering society with ones individually acquired wealth while the capitalism has provided cent percent liberty by exploiting the society through profit making mechanism.

The morality and ethical standard under the corporate culture is a teasing irony in the name of corporate governance and business ethics they just want to hide their abuse of social and human capital without paying any attention to the social progress (Gingerich 3).

The raising awareness of the people had been continuously pressured on the state system and the capitalism has shaped itself as a benevolent capitalism by adding the concept of corporate social responsibility and business ethics, although none of them is compulsory legal bindings for the business firms, but a voluntary approach.

At the same time, the corporations spend a minimal part of their profit for social and environmental issues, but they propagate it as an advertising issue and make the state authority convinced to get tax rebate from their overall income (Williams 10).

In the wave of competitive economic interests, the business firs are always eager to uphold their shareholders interest rather than degrading the social and environmental factors where the approach of CSR and business ethics have facilitated the opportunity to demonstrate clean image of them to the society.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Business Ethics: Enron by yourself We can help you for only 16.05 11page Learn More Ethical Leadership and Business Ethics Varner and Varner (5) pointed out that the leadership in the business is analogous to the political and military leadership, the business firms are organized under the Company Act of a country for the benefit of its shareholders where CEO as a business leader and his compulsory duty to ensure the interests of the shareholders without attention to any other things.

Albert Carr Is Business Bluffing Ethical Pdf Merge